The basic knowledge of logistics includes the following aspects:
1. Definition and classification of logistics: Logistics refers to the process of transferring material resources from the supply place to the demand place at the lowest cost according to the requirements of customers. Logistics can be divided into three sub-processes: commodity flow, logistics flow, and information flow. Among them, commodity flow is the foundation and information flow is the key.
2. Basic functions of logistics: The basic functions of logistics include transportation, storage, loading and unloading, packaging and processing, information management, etc. The realization of these functions requires different logistics facilities and equipment, such as transportation tools, warehouses, distribution centers, packaging materials, information technology, etc.
3. Systematization and standardization of logistics: The logistics system is a complex system composed of multiple subsystems and requires systematized and standardized management. Systematization refers to integrating and optimizing all links of logistics to achieve coordination and optimization of the logistics process; standardization refers to formulating logistics operation and service standards to achieve standardization and normalization of the logistics process.
4. Operation modes of logistics: Logistics operation modes include warehousing mode, transportation mode, distribution mode, etc. Different operation modes are suitable for different logistics scenarios and needs and need to be selected and applied according to actual situations.
5. Cost control and management of logistics: Logistics costs include transportation costs, warehousing costs, packaging costs, distribution costs, etc. It is necessary to reduce logistics costs and improve logistics efficiency through reasonable planning and management.
6. Environmental protection and sustainable development of logistics: The impact of logistics activities on the environment and resources is receiving more and more attention. It is necessary to take measures for environmental protection and sustainable development, such as energy conservation and emission reduction, green logistics, etc.
7. Internationalization and cross-border logistics: With the development of globalization, logistics activities are becoming more and more internationalized. It is necessary to understand international logistics rules and standards and carry out cross-border logistics activities.
These basic knowledge are important components of logistics activities and are of great significance for logistics management and operation.